SEND & EHCP Support in the UK
SEND (Special Educational Needs and Disabilities) support in the UK helps children and young people who need additional provision to access education effectively. Support may range from school-based adjustments to a formal Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP).
This page explains what SEND support includes, how EHCPs work, when they may be considered, and how families can access appropriate guidance. Find Support UK is an independent directory and does not provide legal or clinical advice.
Explore structured SEND advice and advocacy listings across the UK: View SEND & EHCP Directory
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What Does SEND Mean?
SEND stands for Special Educational Needs and Disabilities. A child or young person may be identified as having SEND if they have a learning difficulty or disability that requires special educational provision beyond what is normally available in mainstream settings.
SEND support may relate to:
- Autism or ADHD
- Speech, language and communication needs
- Learning difficulties (including dyslexia or global delay)
- Sensory processing differences
- Social, emotional and mental health needs (SEMH)
- Physical disabilities or medical conditions affecting education
Many children receive SEND support within school without needing an EHCP.
What Is an EHCP?
An Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP) is a legally binding document issued by a local authority. It outlines a child or young person’s needs and the provision required to support them.
An EHCP may be considered when:
- Needs are significant and long-term
- School-based SEN Support is insufficient
- Multi-agency input (education, health, care) is required
An EHCP is not automatically linked to diagnosis. It is based on assessed needs and required provision.
The EHCP Assessment Process
Families or schools can request an Education, Health and Care needs assessment from their local authority.
The process typically includes:
- Submission of a formal request
- Review of existing evidence and school reports
- Professional assessments (if agreed)
- Decision on whether to issue a plan
- Draft plan consultation
- Final EHCP issued (if approved)
Local authorities follow statutory timelines, though practical timescales can vary.
Evidence and Professional Input
Strong evidence can support an EHCP request. This may include:
- Educational psychology reports
- Speech and language assessments
- Occupational therapy reports
- Paediatric or psychiatric assessments
- School SEN records and intervention history
If you are exploring diagnostic assessment routes, see our guide to Private ADHD and Autism Assessments.
Appeals and Disagreements
If a local authority refuses to assess or declines to issue an EHCP, families have the right to challenge the decision.
This may involve:
- Mediation
- Appeal to the SEND Tribunal
- Independent legal or advocacy support
Families may wish to seek impartial advice before pursuing an appeal.
Independent Advice and Advocacy
Support is available from independent organisations that provide guidance on SEND rights, applications, and appeals.
You can explore providers in our SEND & EHCP Support directory.
Funding and Commissioning
EHCP provision is funded by the local authority and education setting. However, families may also choose to access private therapies alongside school-based provision.
Some services work:
- Privately
- Via EHCP funding
- Through mixed arrangements
Explore related services in:
If you want to track government policy changes, see the SEND Reform Tracker.
Choosing SEND Support Safely
When selecting a provider, families may wish to:
- Check professional registration and accreditation
- Clarify experience with EHCP processes
- Understand what reports include
- Confirm pricing and funding arrangements in writing
- Avoid services guaranteeing specific outcomes
Frequently Asked Questions
Do you need a diagnosis to apply for an EHCP?
No. An EHCP is based on assessed needs and required provision, not diagnosis alone.
How long does the EHCP process take?
Local authorities follow statutory timelines (usually around 20 weeks), though delays can occur.
Can schools refuse to support without an EHCP?
Mainstream schools must provide SEN Support before an EHCP is considered.
Can an EHCP continue after age 16?
Yes. EHCPs can continue up to age 25 if educational outcomes are still being pursued.
What happens if an EHCP is refused?
If a local authority refuses to assess or issue an EHCP, families have the right to request mediation and may appeal to the SEND Tribunal. Independent advice may help clarify next steps.
Can parents request an EHCP without the school?
Yes. Parents or carers can request an Education, Health and Care needs assessment directly from the local authority. Schools do not have to initiate the request.
Does an EHCP guarantee a specific school place?
An EHCP can name a specific school or setting, but placement decisions depend on suitability, availability, and legal criteria. Local authorities must consider parental preference where appropriate.
Related Support Guides
If you are exploring support options, the following guides may also help you understand related services and support pathways:
- Autism Support in the UK — Common support needs, education support, therapy options, and how to choose services safely.
- Mental Health Support in the UK — Understanding counselling, emotional wellbeing services, therapy options, and community support across the UK.
- Private ADHD & Autism Assessments in the UK — How private assessments work, typical costs, and choosing a regulated provider safely.
For Providers – Join Find Support UK
If you offer SEND advice, EHCP support, advocacy, or related services, you can Submit a Support Listing or Claim a listing.
Find Support UK is an independent directory. Listings are reviewed for clarity and accuracy.